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Veuillez utiliser cette adresse pour citer ce document :
http://hdl.handle.net/1834/742
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| Titre: | Local Responses to Marine Conservation in Zanzibar, Tanzania |
| Auteur(s): | Levine, A. |
| mot-clé ASFA: | Nature conservation
Marine parks |
| Date de publication: | avr-2004 |
| Référence bibliographique: | Breslauer Symposium on Natural Resource Issues in Africa - March 5th, 2004 Univ. Calif. Berkeley. 19 pp. |
| Résumé: | While terrestrial parks and reserves have existed in Tanzania since colonial times, marine
protected areas are a much newer endeavor in natural resource conservation. As the importance
of marine conservation came to the international forefront in the 1990s, Tanzania experienced a
rapid establishment and expansion of marine parks and protected areas. These efforts were
indeed crucial to protecting the country’s marine resource base, but they also had significant
implications for the lives and fishing patterns of local artisanal fishermen. Terrestrial protected
areas in Tanzania have historically been riddled with conflict and local contestation, bringing
about numerous debates on the best ways to involve rural residents in conservation planning
efforts to establish new “community-based conservation” programs. However, because marine
protected areas do not have the same history as terrestrial conservation in Tanzania, marine
conservation programs present a new opportunity to pilot innovative techniques to involve local
communities in protecting and managing their natural resources. The islands of Zanzibar are
home to four community-oriented marine protected areas, each of which is sponsored by an
external agency, and each of which involves some form of local community component.
However, a number of issues arise when working at the community level, requiring nuanced
attention to a variety of local factors. The Menai Bay program in southern Zanzibar provides an
excellent example of the complexity of factors involved, which can result in dramatically
different village-level responses to a single program. These factors include, but are not limited
to, differences in geography and infrastructure, the potential for tourism development and
alternative sources of income, pre-existing community structures within each village, and the
relationship of conservation program managers to the Zanzibari government. While these factors
are complex and difficult to predict, it is essential that conservation programs take them into
account when trying to establish community-based marine conservation programs that will be
sustainable in the long-term. |
| URI/URL: | http://hdl.handle.net/1834/742 |
| URL d'une autre version: | http://repositories.cdlib.org/cas/breslauer/levine... |
| Collection(s) : | Miscellaneous
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