http://hdl.handle.net/1834/101 Tue, 21 May 2013 16:14:52 GMT 2013-05-21T16:14:52Z http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3205 Title: From Farming to Fishing: Marine Resource Conservation Authors: Versleijen, Nicole; Hoorweg, Jan Abstract: This paper examines the arrival of a new group of fishermen on the Kenyan coast and what this has meant for the state of fishery resources. It reviews four subject areas: access and the number of fishermen; the fishermen’s identity; the choice of fishing gear; and the fishing grounds selected. Data were collected from a small number of fishing households in the villages of Uyombo and Takaungu in Kilifi District, using mainly qualitative research methods. Local households on the Kenyan coast face increasing pressure on land as well as on marine resources. The declining economic situation and greater pressure on land have made people turn to fishing as an income-generating activity. This group of fishermen is referred to as the ‘new’ generation of fishermen as they have been involved in fishing for only one or two generations (including the current one) in contrast to the ‘old’ generation from families who have been fishing or in fishingrelated activities for much longer. The old generation of fishermen and their households have also diversified their incomes, with many fishing households turning to farming, for example, with women and grown-up children involved in various activities. The new generation of fishermen, mainly of the Mijikenda population group, has often been blamed for the loss of traditional access regulations and for using harmful fishing gear. This paper discusses the new generation of fishermen and their identity as they perceive it and relates this to employment generation as a policy measure for marine conservation. Tue, 01 Jan 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3205 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1123 Title: Population genetic status of the Western Indian Ocean: what do we know? Authors: Sampayo, E.M.; Ridgway, T. Abstract: Population genetics offers a useful technique for studying the population structure of marine organisms and has relevance to both systematics and the conservation of biodiversity. The Western Indian Ocean (WIO) is faced with increasing evidence of degradation and effective management initiatives are needed to curtail the environmental decline. The management of the WIO region can therefore benefit from the information that population genetics can provide. Extensive literature searches revealed only 31 genetic references for the WIO region. From a biogeographic point of view, the WIO shows little genetic exchange with the rest of the Indo- Pacific, but from a regional perspective, the limited information that exists points towards widespread genetic structuring in the reefs off tropical Africa and the Indian Ocean islands, and greater connectivity amongst southeast African reefs. However, much more information is needed in the region before the true strength of population genetic data can be used as a primary tool for management. Sat, 01 Jan 2005 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1123 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1127 Title: Preliminary investigations on the ichthyodiversity of Kilifi Creek, Kenya Authors: Oyugi, D. Abstract: In order to determine fish spatial variation, the Kilifi Creek was divided into three sampling zones: entrance, middle zone, and Creek end. Sampling was by both gill and cast nets. Hill’s diversity indices were used as a measure of spatial diversity variance. A total of 95 species from 45 families were recorded. Gerres filamentosus, Pomadasys multimaculatum, Leiognathus equula, and Terapon theraps occurred commonly. Highest species richness (No = 68) and diversity (N1 = 31.09) was recorded at the entrance and Creek middle respectively. Most of the species overlap with the highest overlap index (L = 2.52) recorded between Cynoglossus gilchristi and Scombroides lysan. The creek’s ichthyodiversity show considerable variability, with the high richness at the entrance attributed to the presence of open water visitor species. The high number of species compares well to records from Gazi Bay and Mida Creek with some species not found further south. Sat, 01 Jan 2005 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1127 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1130 Title: A preliminary investigation of age and growth of Otolithes ruber from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Authors: Fennessy, S.T.; Brash, J.M. Abstract: This study investigated age and growth of Otolithes ruber, found in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The specimens were collected from prawn trawlers that operate off the shallow water Tugela Bank and from a recreational boat fishery in Durban. Estimates of age and growth parameters were based on the examination of sectioned sagittal otoliths. There was difficulty in estimating growth parameters for separate sexes because the small fish were not sexed and the numbers of males was low. Periodicity of growth zone formation was assumed to be annual although periodicity of growth zone deposition could not be established by marginal zone analysis. The von Bertalanffy growth curve was used to describe the combined male and female growth of O. ruber: Lt = 419mm TL (1-e-0.31 (t+0.96)) The maximum age estimated was eight years. The repeatability of the age estimates was relatively high (Average Percentage Error: 12.5%). The information gathered from this study will be used in a subsequent stock assessment. Sat, 01 Jan 2005 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1130 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z